第一篇：2012年12月四级写作好词好句精选
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由于国内英语教学中写作训练薄弱，大批学生只会单词，不懂语境和搭配，出现了各种可笑的中文思维现象。我们写作教学中专门强调语感的培养，除单词记忆和句型操练之外，在此专门选编了300个闪光的英文句子，涉及面很广，配有译文并用黑体标出了句子衔接的主干框架。读者可以在阅读中仔细领会每句话表达的妙处，遣词造句的独特设计。也可以作为写作的范本加以背诵，提高自己的语感和闪光点意识。
1.When asked about the ongoing uproar involving U.S.President Bill Clinton , most people say the affair involves a purely private matter.But many other people regard his actions as deplorable.I personally think the president committed impeachable offences。
当被问及对现在有关美国总统比尔·克林顿的沸沸扬扬的议论有什么看法时，大多数人认为这种暧昧关系纯属私事。但是，还有很多人认为他的行为应当受到谴责。我个人认为总统犯了这些过错，应该被指控。
2.When it comes to the increasing use of motor vehicles in Beijing , some people think that use should be limited.Others argue that the opposite is true.There is probably some truth to both arguments,but emission controls must be instituted regardless of the number of vehicles。涉及北京机动车使用量增加这一问题，有的人认为应该限制使用。另一些人持相反意见。也许双方的观点都有一定道理，但是，无论车辆多少，必须对废气排放实行控制。
3.There is a general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers.Those who object to the rising migrant population argue that increasing numbers lead to rising crime rates and harm social stability.They believe that strict limits should be placed on migrants entering China ’ s cities.But people who favor the influx of the cheap labor force , on the other hand , maintain that migrants are needed to support the massive urban infrastructure construction program。
目前，针对流动工人的问题展开了普遍的争论。反对流动工人增加的人认为这会导致犯罪率升高，从而危害社会稳定。他们主张应该严格限制进入中国城市的流动工人。但是，另一方面，支持廉价劳动力流入的人主张，为了支持大规模的城市基础设施建设规划，流动人口是必需的。
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4.It is widely acknowledged that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding.Experts argue that China must introduce a massive afforestation program.But I doubt whether afforestation alone will solve the problem。
人们普遍认为过度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。专家认为中国必须推行大规模的植树造林计划。但我对仅仅植树造林就能解决问题表示怀疑。
5.Most people are of the opinion that wealth provides solutions to all problems.But in spite of the material benefits wealth provides , I believe one should abandon the pursuit of materialism and instead concentrate on the pursuit of happiness。
大多数人认为财富为所有问题提供解决的办法。但是，我认为，尽管财富提供物质上的利益，一个人应该放弃物质至上的追求，而是集中精力追求幸福。6.Many people believe that capital punishment deters crime.But although criminologists have conducted exhaustive research regarding the subject , little evidence exists to support the claim。
很多人相信极刑能阻止犯罪。但是，虽然刑事学家就这一课题做了详尽的研究，几乎没有证据能支持这种说法。
7.An increasing number of people are joining the “ Information Age ” via the Internet.In reaction to the phenomenon , some say the Internet has removed barrters and provided people with immediate access to the world.But do they realize that rapidly advancing information technology can also lead to intrusions of privacy ? 越来越多的人通过互联网进入了“信息时代”。针对这一现象，一些人认为互联网消除了障碍，为人们提供了与世界即时链接的途径。但是，他们有没有意识到迅速发展的信息技术也能导致侵犯隐私？
8.The use of relations is a widespread method for conducting business , but is it a wise one ? The method is now being challenged by more and more people。利用关系是做生意的普遍做法，但这种做法明智吗？现在，越来越多的人对这种方法提出了质疑。
9.These days we often hear about the widening gap between the rich and poor.Some argue the developed world has totally ignored the problem.But has it ? Close examination fails to bear out the argument。
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最近，我们经常听到贫富差距扩大了的说法。一些人认为发达世界完全忽略了这个问题。事实是这样吗？细致的调查无法证实这一观点。
10.We ’ re often told that the world is tethering on the brink of destruction.But is this really the case ? 我们经常被告知世界处于毁灭的边缘。但事实真是这样吗？
“成千上万人疯狂下载。。。
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第二篇：英语四级好词好句
29.in advance(before in time)预告，事先
31.have an advantage over 胜过
32.take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use of，38.in all(=counting everyone or everything, altogether)总共，39.after all 毕竟，到底;(not)at all 一点也不;
;first of all 首先;all in all 大体上说;be all in 累极了;
42.answer for(undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take
charge for)对…负责。
44.be anxious about 为…焦急不安;或anxious for
45.apologize to sb.for sth.为…向…道歉
47.apply to sb.for sth.为…向…申请;apply for申请;apply to 适
用。
48.apply to 与…有关;适用
50.arise from(=be caused by)由…引起。
53.be ashamed of(=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth.done)以…为羞耻
54.assure sb.of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)
向…保证，使…确信。
55.attach(to)(=to fix, fasten;join)缚，系 ,结
56.make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)试图做…
59.attribute…to…(=to believe sth.to be the result of…)把.。归
因于.., 认为.。是.。的结果
or
68.on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上
71.on behalf of(=as the representative of)以…名义
73.benefit(from)受益，得到好处。
74.for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)
78.blame sb.for sth.因…责备某人.blame sth.on sb.把…推在某
88.last but one 倒数第二。
99.for certain of(=for sure)肯定地，有把握地
第三篇：英语四级好词好句。
1.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。2.Well begun is half done.好的开端是成功的一半。
3.There is no royal road to learning.学无坦途。
4.Look before you leap.First think, then act.三思而后行。
5.It is never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。
6.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情
7.All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
8.Art is long, but life is short.人生有限，学问无涯。
9.Stick to it, and you‘ll succeed.只要人有恒，万事都能成。
10.Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
11.It is the first step that costs troublesome.万事开头难。
12.Experience must be bought.吃一堑，长一智。
13.Every advantage has its disadvantage.有利必有弊。14.Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.胸中有知识，胜于手中有金钱。15.Action speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
16.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。
17.What may be done at any time will be done at no time.明日待明日，明日不再来。
18.Let‘s cross the bridge when we come to it.船到桥头自然直。
19.What you sow,you must mow.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。20.No cross，no crown.不经历风雨怎么见彩虹。21.A begger can never be bankrupt, 天无绝人之路。
22.Victory belongs to the most persevering.坚持就是胜利。
23.Faith will move mountain.精诚所至，金石为开。24.Four eyes see more than two.人多识广/集思广益
25.Time past cannot be called back again.时光一去不复返。
第四篇：英语写作好词好句
英语写作好词好句
1.far-reaching深远的2.gain social experience获得社会经验
3.conduct some social investigations做一些社会调查drop out of school失学
5.the opening-up policies 开放政策
6.lure more foreign capital吸引更多的外资
7.leave… far behind 把…远远地甩到后边
8.In addition, the west’s unique unfavorable geographic positions greatly limit its development 另外，西部极为不利的地理位置限制了其自身的发展。
9.subsistence problem温饱问题
10.If left unchanged, the underdevelopment in the west will greatly affect overall prosperity and even social stability.这种状况若不改变的话，西部的落后将极大地影响共同富裕的目标甚至社会稳定。
11.However, the western region development is a long-term systematic project.然而，西部开发是一个长期的系统工程。
12.It calls for tremendous efforts of several generations.它需要几代人的共同努力。
13.economic prosperity 经济繁荣
14.social progress社会进步
15.political stability政治稳定
16.beautiful landscape风光秀丽
17.a deep-rooted concept一个根深蒂固的观念
18.materialistic society物质社会
19.be concerned about关心
20.the sense of achievement成就感
21.in terms of从……的角度
22.a sound attitude一种正确的态度
23.strive for为 …… 而努力
24.bookworm书呆子
25.the pursuit of our ideals对我们理想的追求
26.material well-being物质财富
27.utilize the natural resources利用自然资源
28.meet the future needs满足将来的需要
29.Competition exists everywhere and it is one of the motive forces of the development of society竞争是社会生活中的一个司空见惯的现象
30.However, we often find competition exists together with cooperation.然而，我们经常发现竞争与合作共存的情况。
31.While we are advocating competition, we can’t forget cooperation.我们在倡导竞争是不可忽略合作。
32.Pure and exclusive competition leads to failures.纯粹排他的竞争会导致一事无成。
33.Only competition together with cooperation helps us a great deal in obtaining our goals and satisfying our needs.只有既竞争又合作，我们才能实现目标，才能满足自身需要。
34.The current education system现行教育体制
35.(be)aimed at致力于
36.the practical application of what they have learned他们所学知识的实际运用
37.challenge examination-oriented education挑战应试教育
38.advocate quality-oriented education倡导素质教育
39.focus on the students’ ability as a whole重视培养学生的整体能力
40.play a key role 起到关键作用
41.contribute to solving the problem of 有助于……问题的解决
42.bring up a new generation培养一代新人
43.on a large scale大规模的44.compulsory education义务教育
45.a top priority最优先(事项)
46.water loss and soil erosion水土流失
47.Evidently, the deterioration of the quality of the environment threatens the existence of mankind很明显，环境质量恶化会危及人类的生存。
48.Therefore, the best solution is that we should devote to the protection of our home while we are developing our economy.因此，最好的策略是，在发展经济的同时致力于保护环境。49.sustainable development可持续发展
50.Both the government and ordinary people should join hands to make this world a better place to live in, not only for ourselves, but also for future generations.政府和百姓应携起手来，一起打造更好的生存环境，不仅为了自己，更为了我们的子孙后代。51.Some academic works are full of plagiarisms.一些学术作品里充满了剽窃来的思想和文字。52.money-oriented salespeople惟利是图的商人53.fake commodity假货54.achieve success取得成功55.impart knowledge(to)传授知识
56.the soul engineer of mankind 人类灵魂的工程师
57.raise teachers’ social status and improve their material welfare提高教师社会地位，改善教师物质待遇。58.an empty slogan一个空洞的口号59.international prestige国际地位
60.promote the unification of China促进祖国的统一61.in the long run从长远看来
62.make every citizen aware that 使每个人都意识到……63.take the lead起带头作用64.deforestation森林砍伐65.ecosystem生态系统
66.According to its definition, the purpose of sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.根据定义，可持续发展战略提出的目的是在不损害子孙后代的利益的前提下满足今天人们的需要。
67.The fulfillment of one’s duty and obligations履行某人的职责与义务68.maintain the stability and unity of our country维护我们国家的稳定和统一
69.Children’s love for their parents is the latter’s best reward.孩子对父母的爱是对父母最好的回报。70.vigor and vitality生机与活力71.an age of awakening觉醒的时期
72.lay a good foundation for the future为将来奠定坚实的基础73.lack of awareness of time’s passage不能意识到时光的流逝74.go sightseeing出去观光
75.remain fresh in one’s memory让某人记忆犹新 76.It turned out that结果表明…(接从句)
77.lengthen people’s life expectancy延长人们的寿命
78.If science is properly used, it will benefit mankind, while if it is misused, it will lead to tragic result.如果正当利用，科学将造福人类，如果利用不当，科学将引发灾难。
79.So it’s up to us to make science a blessing rather than a curse to mankind.让科学造福而非引发祸端，这是我们的责任。80.propagate endangered animal species促进濒危动物种群的繁衍。
81.produce replacement organs for transplant patients 为病人制造可用于移植的替代器官。82.The same applies to robots.机器人也存在着相同的问题。
83.The concern is good for it calls for adequate attention to the problems of modern technology and the steps to be taken to guide the direction of its development.此类想法不无裨益，它能唤起人们对现代科技技术带来的问题的足够重视，同时促使人们采取措施引导技术的发展方向。
84.come up with 想出，找出(答案，计划等)
85.Tools are the milestones of technology as well as human being’s progress.工具是科技进步和人类进步的里程碑。86.medical breakthrough医学上的重大突破87.eradicate根除
88.(be)popular with…受到……的欢迎89.(be)enslaved使沦为奴隶
90.greenhouse effect 温室效应 91.decisive factor决定因素 92.serve the interests of… 服务于…利益的需要
93.I miss very much our traditional culture whose loss is too high a price to pay.传统文化令我十分留恋，它的缺失意味着高昂的代价。94.Gone forever are not only…, but…永远失去的不仅是……,还有……
95.I treasure traditional culture, for it embodies the very customs and values that sustain our friendship, family and spiritual life.我珍惜传统文化，因为它代表了维系我们的友谊，家庭和精神生活的固有方式及价值观。96.lift intellectual property窃取知识产权 97.e-commerce电子商务98.cause great financial losses导致巨大的经济损失
99.It is high time for us to take all the effective measures to battle against hackers.我们应立即采取有效措施，制止黑壳犯罪。100.Spot some weakness on the Web.窥探到网上的一些漏洞。
英语作文常用短语
1．经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy 2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard 3．先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 4．面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5．人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6．社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 7．引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8．不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9．热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate 10.有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11．完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12．一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others… 13.就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14．就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…15．有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 16．双方的论点 arguments on both sides
17．发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
18．对…必不可少 be indispensable to … 19．正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:20．…也不例外 …be no exception
21．对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
22．利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23．导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24．复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25．责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement 26.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 27.开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision 28．学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 29．经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden 30．考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration 31.从另一个角度 from another perspective 32．做出共同努力 make joint efforts33.对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to… 34．为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 35．打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
36．综合素质 comprehensive quality 37．无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach 39．致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to… 40.应当承认 Admittedly,41．不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty 42.满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of… 43．可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information 44．宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45．因特网 the Internet（一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）46．方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47．在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48．环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly 49．社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50．科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51．对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52．支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion
53．有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54．在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way55.理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice 56.…必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
57．日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58．眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest 59．长远利益.interest in the long run
60．…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61．扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62．取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs.63．对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information 65．跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
66．采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth.67．…的健康发展 the healthy development of …
68．有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides./No garden without
weeds.69．对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person.70．重视 attach great importance to…71．社会地位 social status
72．把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on… 73．扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge 74．身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75．有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to… 76.提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77.可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
78．缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden 79．优先考虑/发展… give(top)priority to sth.80．与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with81.相反 in contrast / on the contrary.82．代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83．经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water 84．提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
写作路标词总结
(一）表示首先 1 First, 2 Firstly, 3 First of all, 4 In the first place, 5 To begin with, 6 To start with, 7 First and foremost, 8 Initially,The first thing I ｗａｎｔ ｔｏ ｍｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｈｅｒｅ ｉｓ ｔｈａｔ..．
（二）表示第二、此外 １ Ｓｅｃｏｎｄ，２ Ｓｅｃｏｎｄｌｙ，３ Ｓｅｃｏｎｄ ｏｆ ａｌｌ，４ Ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｏｎｄ ｐｌａｃｅ，５ Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒ，６ Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅ，７ Ｂｅｓｉｄｅｓ，８ Ｍｏｒｅｏｖｅｒ，９ Ｗｈａｔ ｉｓ ｍｏｒｅ，１０ Ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｌｙ，１１ Ｉｎ ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ，１２ Ａｎｏｔｈｅｒ ｅｑｕａｌｌｙ ｖｉｔａｌ ｐｏｉｎｔ ｔｏ ｂｅ ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄ ｉｓ ｔｈａｔ．．．
（三）表示第三、最后 １ Ｔｈｉｒｄ，２ Ｔｈｉｒｄｌｙ，３ Ｔｈｉｒｄ ｏｆ ａｌｌ，４ Ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｉｒｄ ｐｌａｃｅ，５ Ｌａｓｔ，６ Ｌａｓｔｌｙ，７ Ｌａｓｔ ｏｆ ａｌｌ，85.社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress 86．毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that… 87．增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding 88．充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of89．承受更大的工作压力 suffer from heavier work pressure 90．保障社会的稳定和繁荣 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society
91．更多地强调 put more emphasis on…
92．适应社会发展 adapt oneself to the development of society 93．实现梦想 realize one’s dream/ make one’s dream come true 94.主要理由列举如下 The main reasons are listed as follows: 95.首先 First，Firstly，In the first place, To begin with96．其次 Second, Secondly, In the second place 97.再次 Besides，In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Furthermore
98.最后 Finally, Last but not the least, Above all, Lastly,99.总而言之 All in all, To sum up, In summary, In a word,100．我们还有很长的路要走 We still have a long way to go.８ Ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｌａｓｔ ｐｌａｃｅ，９ Ｌａｓｔ ｂｕｔ ｎｏｔ ｌｅａｓｔ，１０ Ｔｈｅ ｌａｓｔ ｂｕｔ ｎｏｔ ｔｈｅ ｌｅａｓｔ，１１ Ｆｉｎａｌｌｙ，１２ Ｔｈｅ ｌａｓｔ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ｔｏ ｂｅ ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄ ｉｓ ｔｈａｔ．．．
（四）表示总而言之
１ Ｔｏ ｃｏｎｃｌｕｄｅ，２ Ｔｏ ｓｕｍ ｕｐ，３ Ｔｏ ｓｕｍｍａｒｉｚｅ，４ Ｉｎ ｓｕｍｍａｒｙ，５ Ｉｎ ｂｒｉｅｆ，６ Ｉｎ ｓｈｏｒｔ，７ Ｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅｌｙ，８ Ｏｎ ｂａｌａｎｃｅ，９ Ａｂｏｖｅ ａｌｌ，１０ Ｉｎ ａ ｎｕｔｓｈｅｌｌ，１１ Ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｆｉｎａｌ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ，１２ Ｆｒｏｍ ｗｈａｔ ｈａｓ ｂｅｅｎ ｍｅｎｔｉｏｎｅｄ，
第五篇：写作好词好句
目录
环境类..............................1
语言类..............................2
医疗类..............................3
青少年问题.............................4
犯罪类..............................4
环境类
Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests.(Introduction)
In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage, it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests.(Introduction)
The plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the media;(Introduction)Despite the extensive coverage in the popular media of the destruction of rainforests, little formal information is available about children’s ideas in this area.(Introduction)The importance of rainforests—rainforests provide plants, animals and even human with habitats;provide oxygen;
The use and conservation of rainforests—human needs rainforests to survive The causes of the destruction of rainforests—human activities, specifically logging activity;pollution;Complexity of causes;
Complex social, economic and political factors;
There is a complicated combination of reasons for the loss of the rainforests.Rainforests are important habitats for a lot of plants, animals and even human.The rainforests are a source of oxygen.Rainforest destruction is of consequences for a number of reasons.The destruction of the rainforests is the direct result of logging activity.Humans depend on the rainforests for their continuing existence.From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that …
This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when…
There emerged awareness in western societies that resources for the provision of fossil fuel energy were finite and exhaustible and that the capacity of nature or the environment to sustain economic development and population was also finite.语言类
Lost for words;
Many minority languages are on the danger list.Language is dying.…heading for about three or four languages dominating the world.A mass extinction;
语言消失的原因：
Isolation breeds linguistic diversity.Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in schools, all to promote national unity.The deadliest weapon is not government policy but economic globalisation since many indigenous populations have to adapt to socio-economic pressures.语言的重要性
Language is intimately bound up with culture, so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other.The loss of diversity may also deprive us of different ways of looking at the world.The patterns and connections we make among various concepts may be structured by the linguistic habits of our community.保护语言
Despite linguists’ best efforts, a growing interest in cultural identity may prevent the direst predictions from coming true.The key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their ancestral tongue.In New Zealand, classes for children have slowed the erosion of Maori and rekindled interest in the language.In California, ‘apprentice’ programmes have provided life support to several indigenous languages.Volunteer ‘apprentices’ pair up with one of the last living speakers of a Native American tongue to learn a traditional skill such as basket weaving, with instruction exclusively in the endangered language.Preservation can bring a language back from the dead.There are examples of languages that have survived in written form and then been revived by later generations.This great variety of languages came about largely as a result of geographical
isolation.But in today’s world, factors such as government initiatives and economic globalisation are contributing to a huge decrease in the number of languages.Many factors must be considered when selecting informants.Age, sex, social background and other aspects of identity are important, as these factors are known to influence the kind of language used.医疗类
Alternative medicine;therapy;medical establishment医疗机构；
Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alterative therapies climb steadily during the past 20 years.A better educated and less accepting public has become disillusioned with the experts in general, and increasingly sceptical about science and empirically based knowledge.The surveyed had experienced chronic illnesses, for which orthodox medicine had been able to provide little relief.They liked the holistic approach of their alternative therapists and the friendly,concerned and detailed attention they had received.The cold, impersonal manner of orthodox doctors featured in the survey.Complementary medicine/ conventional medicine;
General health maintenance;
The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned, so
that they are distributed in both the most just and most efficient way, is not a new one.Every health system in an economically developed society is faced with the need to decide what proportion of the community’s total resources should be spent on health-care;
What diseases and disabilities and which forms of treatment are to be given priority;Which members of the community are to be given special consideration in respect of their health needs;and which forms of treatment are the most cost-effective;
It is assumed without question that all the basic health needs of any community could be satisfied, at least in principle.Ever-rising health costs were matched against static or declining resources.青少年问题
Although small-scale business training and credit programs have become more common throughout the world, relatively little attention has been paid to the need to direct such opportunities to young people.Even less attention has been paid to children living on the streets or in difficult circumstances.(Introduction)
To support the economic lives of street children;
Typically, children do not end up on the streets due to a single cause, but to a combination of factors: a dearth of adequately funded schools, the demand for income at home, family breakdown and violence.The street may be attractive to children as a place to find adventurous plan and
money, however, it is also a place where some children are exposed, with little or no protection, to exploitative employment, urban crime, and abuse.There is a need to recognise the importance of access to credit for impoverished young people seeking to fulfil economic needs.The provision of small loans to support the entrepreneurial dreams and ambitions of youth can be an effective means to help them change their lives.犯罪类
Sophisticated high-tech crime-fighting tools
Crime-fighting technology;
Crime reduction and prevention;
Cameras at the entrance of a shopping complex;
Video surveillance equipment/ device that hovers above streets or crowds;Monitor the illegal fly tipping;
Get a better view of fire and flood scenes and aid rescue attempts;
Give a bird’s-eye view of locations;
Be helpful in reducing shoplifting and car crime;
Successfully identify murders or criminals;
Effectively displace crime or alter the environment to reduce crime;
教育类
As Ms Marley’s story shows, there is no simple answer to the question “Is college worth it?” some degrees pay for themselves;others don’t.Her Spanish degree helps her land a well-paid job.College is the gateway to the middle class.College graduates aged 25 to 32 who are working full time earn about $17,500 more annually than their peers who have only a high school diploma, according to the Pew Research Centre, a think-tank.Arts and humanities courses are much more varied.All doubtless nourish the soul, but not all fatten the wallet.
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